Tuesday, May 16, 2017

Daniel 11:10-19

In our last meditation we left Seleucus Callinicus, the king of the north, defeated by Ptolemy Euergetes, the king of the south. After Euergetes defeated Callinicus, he returned to Egypt enriched with the spoils of his victory. Now the story continues.
Daniel 11:10  But his sons shall be stirred up, and shall assemble a multitude of great forces: and one shall certainly come, and overflow, and pass through: then shall he return, and be stirred up, even to his fortress.
Seleucus Callinus left two sons, Seleucus Ceraunus and Antiochus. These are his sons mentioned in the opening verse of today’s passage that shall be stirred up. They stirred up and assembled a multitude of great forces to come against Egypt. Seleucus Ceraunus, the elder son, was murdered after reigning only two years, whereas Antiochus reigned 37 years and became known as “the Great.” He was the one that the angel said would certainly come, and overflow, and pass through: then…return, words indicating his campaign against Egypt in which he regained territory his father had lost. His being stirred up, even to his fortress refers to his campaign against Raphia, a fortified city in Egypt.
Daniel 11:11  And the king of the south shall be moved with choler, and shall come forth and fight with him, even with the king of the north: and he shall set forth a great multitude; but the multitude shall be given into his hand.
12  And when he hath taken away the multitude, his heart shall be lifted up; and he shall cast down many ten thousands: but he shall not be strengthened by it.
Ptolemy Philopater, the king of the south, was moved with choler (indignation) against Antiochus the Great, the king of the north, and came against him with a great multitude consisting of 70,000 footmen, 5000 horse, and 73 elephants. Antiochus force was also a multitude in that it consisted of 62,000 footmen, 6000 horse, and 102 elephants. Ptolemy won the battle and thus the multitude of Antiochus was given into his hand. However, Ptolemy Philopater having won his victory became lifted up with pride and gave himself up to luxury and uncleanness rather than completing the conquest of Syria. He also let Antiochus escape out of his hands. In his pride he forced his way into the Holiest of all in the temple at Jerusalem to offer sacrifice for his victory over Antiochus. This, of course, provoked the God of Israel. And thus Ptolemy was not strengthened by his victory even though he had cast down many ten thousands.
Daniel 11:13  For the king of the north shall return, and shall set forth a multitude greater than the former, and shall certainly come after certain years with a great army and with much riches.
14  And in those times there shall many stand up against the king of the south: also the robbers of thy people shall exalt themselves to establish the vision; but they shall fall.
Antiochus the Great, the king of the north, returned to Egypt and set forth a multitude greater than the former,...with a great army and much riches to sustain it. This was prophesied to certainly occur after certain years (about 14 years). It did certainly occur upon the death of Ptolemy Philopater, whose son Ptolemy Epiphanes succeeded him when but a child, which gave the advantage to Antiochus.

At that time many stood up against the king of the south. Antiochus the Great formed an alliance with Philip of Macedon against Ptolemy Epiphanes to seize his kingdom and divide it between themselves. The apostate Jews called here the robbers of Daniel’s people exalted themselves and sought to capitalize upon the unrest caused by this conflict. They came to the aid of Antiochus thus helping to accomplish this prophecy (establish the vision). But this alliance proved a calamity to them in the end as the angel predicted: but they shall fall.

So Antiochus the Great, the king of the north, is poised to invade Egypt and overthrow the kingdom of Ptolemy, the king of the south. Now let’s see what happened in this campaign.
Daniel 11:15  So the king of the north shall come, and cast up a mount, and take the most fenced cities: and the arms of the south shall not withstand, neither his chosen people, neither shall there be any strength to withstand.
16  But he that cometh against him shall do according to his own will, and none shall stand before him: and he shall stand in the glorious land, which by his hand shall be consumed.
So Antiochus the Great did come, and cast up a mount against Ptolemy Epiphanes, the king of Egypt. The most fenced cities being taken by Antiochus refer to his taking of the cities of Coelesyria and Phoenicia, which were then part of the kingdom of Egypt. Ptolemy’s general, Scopas, who had been sent to Coelesyria was put to flight by Antiochus. Scopas fled to Sidon with 10,000 troops where he tried to hold up and resist. Ptolemy’s choicest commanders (his chosen people) were sent to relieve him, but to no avail. The arms of the south (Egypt) had no strength to withstand. Scopas and his troops were besieged by the king of the north and forced to surrender.

He that cometh against him in verse 16 refers to Antiochus the Great coming against Ptolemy Ephiphanes. Antiochus being victorious over Ptolemy did according to his own will and Ptolemy was powerless to resist: none shall stand before him. Antiochus seized control of Judea, the glorious land. Antiochus sustained his large army with the fruits of the earth that were found there. Thus by his hand the land was consumed. Nevertheless, the leaders of Judea welcomed Antiochus as the liberator from the oppression of the Egyptians. Antiochus granted the inhabitants of Judea many favours and privileges.
Daniel 11:17  He shall also set his face to enter with the strength of his whole kingdom, and upright ones with him; thus shall he do: and he shall give him the daughter of women, corrupting her: but she shall not stand on his side, neither be for him.
Antiochus the Great then set his face…with the strength of his whole kingdom to enter Egypt. In pursuing this end he enlisted the help of many pious Jews, the upright ones. In order to assist him in gaining Egypt Antiochus gave his daughter Cleopatra in marriage to Ptolemy Epiphanes hoping she would betray her husband. This is what is meant when the angel said: he (Antiochus) shall give him (Ptolemy) the daughter of women (Cleopatra), corrupting her. This scheme backfired when Cleopatra sided with her husband instead of her father. As a father of the daughters of women, I should hope that I would have more sense than to expect my daughters to side with me against their husbands! Cleopatra and her husband sent ambassadors to the Romans to congratulate them on their victory over Antiochus in driving him out of Greece and to urge them to extend their campaign to Asia. Thus it was fulfilled which was spoken by the angel that she did not stand on his side, neither was for him.
Daniel 11:18  After this shall he turn his face unto the isles, and shall take many: but a prince for his own behalf shall cause the reproach offered by him to cease; without his own reproach he shall cause it to turn upon him.
19  Then he shall turn his face toward the fort of his own land: but he shall stumble and fall, and not be found.

Failing in his designs against Egypt, Antiochus the Great turned his face unto the isles, which were provinces of the Romans. With a large fleet he sailed into the Aegean sea (the sea between Greece and modern Turkey) and took many of their isles such as Rhodes, Samos, etc. and several of the cities of Greece and Asia. But this reproach offered by him against the Romans was caused to cease by a Roman general, here called a prince, named Lucius Scipio, who defeated Antiochus’ army of 70,000 with an army of 30,000 at the hill of Sipylus. Thus Scipio turned Antiochus’ reproach upon Antiochus without himself (Scipio) incurring reproach (without his own reproach).

Being totally defeated by the Romans and placed under heavy tribute, Antiochus had to abandon all he had gained in Europe and return to the fort of his own land. Needing to raise money to pay the tribute, he attempted to rob the temple of Jupiter. This so enraged his own subjects against him that they killed him. So the words of the angel were fulfilled: he (Antiochus the Not So Great) shall stumble and fall, and not be found.

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